AI’s Future: Beyond Foundational Models

The current era is characterized by an unprecedented surge in artificial intelligence (AI) development, largely driven by the advent and proliferation of large foundational models (FMs). These models exhibit a transformative potential across nearly every industry, promising to reshape economies and societies.1 The rapid adoption of technologies like ChatGPT, which amassed millions ofusers in record time, underscores the profound impact and public fascination with these advanced AI systems.