In the previous lecture, we saw the rise of Augustus. We saw how a young, adopted son of Caesar out-smarted some of the greatest minds the Roman state had to offer. He and Mark Antony briefly allied in the Second Triumvirate to avenge the death of Caesar, but their alliance was short lived. While Antony ruled in the East, Augustus ruled in the West. This dichotomy and Antony’s love for Cleopatra and Alexandrian life, allowed Augustus to lure the Roman elites away from Antony. After a brief war, which culminated at the Battle of Actium in 31 BCE (followed by the suicide of Antony), Augustus became the sole ruler of Rome. In this lecture, I want to speak a bit more about the reforms Augustus instituted. We spoke briefly in the last lecture about Pax Romana, or Roman Peace, a period of stability that Augustus brought about. During this period of peace, Augustus was able to reform the Roman state and make necessary changes that set it up for its full transformation to an Empire. These reforms are roughly categorized into a few forms: Moral, Bureaucratic, Financial, Architectural, and Religious. In this lecture, I want to highlight the moral, bureaucratic, and architectural reforms in particular.
Ep. 09: Medieval Birds in Thought
Ep. 08: Hobgoblin in the Ninth Century (Medieval Beasts)
Ep. 07: Dirty Riddles and Farts
Ep. 06: Murder in a Church
Ep. 05: The Case of a Criminal in a Church
Ep. 04: The Song of Roland (Medieval Tale)
Ep. 03: That Time a Viking Kissed a Foot
Ep. 02 - Medieval Beasts (Cynocephaly)
Ep. 01: Medieval Murder (The Murder of a Pope)
Charlemagne 06: Boyhood (742-755)
Charlemagne 05: Pippin the Short (751-768)
Charlemagne 04: Charles the Hammer
Charlemagne 03: The Carolingian Family
Charlemagne 02: The Institutions of the Frankish Kingdom
Charlemagne 01: The Frankish World
Medieval Europe 30: The End of the Middle Ages
Medieval Europe 29: The Hundred Years War, Part II (1415-1453)
Medieval Europe 28: The Western Schism (1378-1417)
Medieval Europe 27: The Black Death (1347-1351)
Medieval Europe 26: The Hundred Years War, Part I (1327-1386)
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