Confronting Iran’s Demands & Washington’s Dilemma: Richard Nephew

Michael is joined by Richard Nephew, Senior Research Scholar at Columbia University's Center on Global Energy Policy and former NSC Director for Iran, to discuss the uncertain and deteriorating situation in the Persian Gulf. Richard analyzes Tehran's recent escalation of demands—from demanding the full removal of the U.S. blockade and sanctions to seeking $300 billion in reparations. He also explores the internal consolidation of power within Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) following recent decapitation strikes, detailing how a narrower, unipolar hardline faction now views aggressive deterrence as the clear path forward. Richard also breaks down global energy friction points, including severe price spreads in refined products like diesel, the limitations of covert commercial ship escorting, and the dangerous race between global economic endurance and the U.S. blockade.