Old Testament and New Testament governments compared

Jesus Ministries, Joan Boney  ...

The Old Testament and the children of God:

 

Moses selected men from the tribes of Israel and they assisted him in judging the people.  There were 600,000 men (plus women and children) in the wilderness so it became too much for Moses to do all the work alone.  

 

Moses' father-in-law suggested another plan for Moses in dealing with the people.

 

Exodus 18

 

8 And Moses told his father in law all that the LORD had done unto Pharaoh and to the Egyptians for Israel's sake, and all the travail that had come upon them by the way, and how the LORD delivered them.

9 And Jethro rejoiced for all the goodness which the LORD had done to Israel, whom HE had delivered out of the hand of the Egyptians.

10 And Jethro said, Blessed be the LORD, who hath delivered you out of the hand of the Egyptians, and out of the hand of Pharaoh, WHO hath delivered the people from under the hand of the Egyptians.

11 Now I know that the LORD is greater than all gods: for in the thing wherein they dealt proudly HE (God) was above them.

12 And Jethro, Moses' father in law, took a burnt offering and sacrifices for God: and Aaron came, and all the elders of Israel, to eat bread with Moses' father in law before God.

 

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13 And it came to pass on the morrow, that Moses sat to judge the people: and the people stood by Moses from the morning unto the evening.

14 And when Moses' father in law saw all that he did to the people, he said, What is this thing that thou doest to the people? why sittest thou thyself alone, and all the people stand by thee from morning unto even?

15 And Moses said unto his father in law, Because the people come unto me to enquire of God:

(The people in the Old Testament did not have the Holy Spirit so they went to a prophet to inquire of God in the matter at hand.)

16 When they have a matter, they come unto me; and I judge between one and another, and I do make them know the statutes of God, and HIS laws.

17 And Moses' father in law said unto him, The thing that thou doest is not good.

18 Thou wilt surely wear away, both thou, and this people that is with thee: for this thing is too heavy for thee; thou art not able to perform it thyself alone.

19 Hearken now unto my voice, I will give thee counsel, and God shall be with thee: Be thou for the people to God-ward, that thou mayest bring the causes unto God:

20 And thou shalt teach them ordinances and laws, and shalt shew them the way wherein they must walk, and the work that they must do.

21 Moreover thou shalt provide out of all the people able men, such as fear God, men of truth, hating covetousness; and place such over them, to be rulers of thousands, and rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens:

22 And let them judge the people at all seasons: and it shall be, that every great matter they shall bring unto thee, but every small matter they shall judge: so shall it be easier for thyself, and they shall bear the burden with thee.

23 If thou shalt do this thing, and God command thee so, then thou shalt be able to endure, and all this people shall also go to their place in peace.

24 So Moses hearkened to the voice of his father in law, and did all that he had said.

 

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(There were 600,000 men ... plus women and children.)

25 And Moses chose able men out of all Israel, and made them heads over the people, rulers of thousands, rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens.

26 And they judged the people at all seasons: the hard causes they brought unto Moses, but every small matter they judged themselves.

27 And Moses let his father in law depart; and he went his way into his own land.

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Later in the Old Testament, God set up men, and even women, to judge HIS people and to show them the way to go as they lived on this present earth.

 

The prophets of God, such as Moses, were used by God to judge HIS people and show them the laws of God which were right in the sight of God.

 

The prophets were given the Holy Spirit of God in the Old Testament but the people, and even the kings of Israel and Judah, had to come to the prophet to inquire of God and seek the will of God.  

 

Today, in the New Testament, all who belong to God are given the Holy Spirit so we go directly to God through Jesus to inquire of the will of God.

 

But this was not the case of the Old Testament.

 

God set up judges.

 

Here is one of those judges set by God:

 

Judges 4  (Deborah: a judge over Israel)

 

1 And the children of Israel again did evil in the sight of the LORD, when Ehud was dead.

2 And the LORD sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, that reigned in Hazor; the captain of whose host was Sisera, which dwelt in Harosheth of the Gentiles.

3 And the children of Israel cried unto the LORD: for he had nine hundred chariots of iron; and twenty years he mightily oppressed the children of Israel.

4 And Deborah, a prophetess, the wife of Lapidoth, she judged Israel at that time.

5 And she dwelt under the palm tree of Deborah between Ramah and Bethel in mount Ephraim: and the children of Israel came up to her for judgment.

6 And she sent and called Barak the son of Abinoam out of Kedeshnaphtali, and said unto him, Hath not the LORD God of Israel commanded, saying, Go and draw toward mount Tabor, and take with thee ten thousand men of the children of Naphtali and of the children of Zebulun?

7 And I will draw unto thee to the river Kishon Sisera, the captain of Jabin's army, with his chariots and his multitude; and I will deliver him into thine hand.

8 And Barak said unto her, If thou wilt go with me, then I will go: but if thou wilt not go with me, then I will not go.

9 And she said, I will surely go with thee:

 

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The judges of Israel were selected by God.  But after a season, the people of Israel demanded that they be given a king to rule over them as the other nations had.

 

God did not like this and God told them what their king would do to them but they insisted on having a king to rule, so God gave them a king.

 

I Samuel 8

 

7 And the LORD said unto Samuel, Hearken unto the voice of the people in all that they say unto thee: for they have not rejected thee, but they have rejected ME, that I should not reign over them.

8 According to all the works which they have done since the day that I brought them up out of Egypt even unto this day, wherewith they have forsaken ME, and served other gods, so do they also unto thee.

9 Now therefore hearken unto their voice: howbeit yet protest solemnly unto them, and shew them the manner of the king that shall reign over them.

 

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The first king given by God was Saul.  

 

But Saul disobeyed God. 

 

I Samuel 15

 

1 Samuel also said unto Saul, The LORD sent me to anoint thee to be king over HIS people, over Israel: now therefore hearken thou unto the voice of the words of the LORD.

2 Thus saith the LORD of hosts, I remember that which Amalek did to Israel, how he laid wait for him in the way, when he came up from Egypt.

3 Now go and smite Amalek, and utterly destroy all that they have, and spare them not; but slay both man and woman, infant and suckling, ox and sheep, camel and ass.

 

Saul did not fully obey that instruction which God delivered to him by the prophet Samuel.

 

So God took the kingdom away from Saul.

 

And God anointed David to be king over His people.

 

After David, Solomon was king.  

 

Then the kingdom was divided into 2 parts: Judah & Israel ...  and there were 2 kings, one over each part of the children of Israel.  

 

Some did right in the sight of God while others did evil.

Throughout the Old Testament the prophets, selected by God, carried judgments of God to the kings and to the children of Israel.  The kings and the people came to the prophets to inquire of God during the period of the Old Testament.

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The New Testament Church:

 

All those individuals who are born again by God are given the Holy Spirit to lead them and guide them in the New Testament church and this changes everything and sets up a different order in the New Testament church today.

 

I Corinthians 3:16  

 

Know ye not that ye are the temple of God, and that the Spirit of God dwelleth in you?

 

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The New Testament church is set up by Jesus from heaven as follows:

 

Ephesians 4:8;11-12  Wherefore HE saith, When HE (Jesus) ascended up on high, HE led captivity captive, and gave gifts unto men.  11 And HE gave some, apostles; and some, prophets; and some, evangelists; and some, pastors and teachers;  12 For the perfecting of the saints, for the work of the ministry, for the edifying of the body of Christ:

 

 

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Paul was one of these New Testament apostles given to the church from heaven after Jesus arose.

 

Acts 9:1-9  And Saul, yet breathing out threatenings and slaughter against the disciples of the Lord, went unto the high priest,

2 And desired of him letters to Damascus to the synagogues, that if he found any of this way, whether they were men or women, he might bring them bound unto Jerusalem.

3 And as he journeyed, he came near Damascus: and suddenly there shined round about him a light from heaven:

4 And he fell to the earth, and heard a voice saying unto him, Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou ME?

5 And he said, Who art THOU, Lord? 

And the Lord said, I am Jesus whom thou persecutest: it is hard for thee to kick against the pricks.

6 And he trembling and astonished said, Lord, what wilt THOU have me to do? 

And the Lord said unto him, Arise, and go into the city, and it shall be told thee what thou must do.

7 And the men which journeyed with him stood speechless, hearing a voice, but seeing no man.

8 And Saul arose from the earth; and when his eyes were opened, he saw no man: but they led him by the hand, and brought him into Damascus.

9 And he was three days without sight, and neither did eat nor drink.

 

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Paul tells more about that which Jesus said to him in the following scripture:

 

Acts 26

 

15 And I said, Who art thou, Lord? 

And HE said, I am Jesus whom thou persecutest.

16 But rise, and stand upon thy feet: for I have appeared unto thee for this purpose, to make thee a minister and a witness both of these things which thou hast seen, and of those things in the which I will appear unto thee;

17 Delivering thee from the people, and from the Gentiles, unto whom now I send thee,

18 To open their eyes, and to turn them from darkness to light, and from the power of Satan unto God, that they may receive forgiveness of sins, and inheritance among them which are sanctified by faith that is in ME.

 

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Today there are still prophets in the NT church.  We see several examples in the New Testament Bible of prophets working in the NT church after the crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus.

 

See Acts 11 and Acts 21 where Agabus a prophet comes to the NT churches to do the work of God.  

 

Also the apostle Paul took Silas, a NT prophet, with him on his ministry journeys.  

 

And in the book of Acts, we see prophets speaking to the churches to confirm the Word of God to the NT church.

 

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Acts 11:27   And in these days came prophets from Jerusalem unto Antioch.

 

Acts 15:32  And Judas and Silas, being prophets also themselves, exhorted the brethren with many words, and confirmed them.

 

Acts 15:40  And Paul chose Silas, and departed, being recommended by the brethren unto the grace of God.

 

Acts 17:4  And some of them believed, and consorted with Paul and Silas; and of the devout Greeks a great multitude, and of the chief women not a few.

 

I Corinthians 14:29  (In the gathering of the church, Paul says.)  Let the prophets speak two or three, and let the other judge.

 

Acts 13:1  Now there were in the church that was at Antioch certain prophets and teachers; as Barnabas, and Simeon that was called Niger, and Lucius of Cyrene, and Manaen, which had been brought up with Herod the tetrarch, and Saul.

 

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In the New Testament Bible, there are no such things as: pope, cardinals, archbishops, priests, vickers, ministers of music.  No minister called himself "Reverend" in the Bible.  Ministers in the NT Bible identified themselves as apostle, prophet, evangelist, pastor, teacher.  They did not wear special garments as in the Old Testament.

 

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And in the NT church, we have elders/bishops (the same office), and governments inside the church caring for the church: (as follows)

 

I Corinthians 12:27-28 

 

27 Now ye are the body of Christ, and members in particular.

28 And God hath set some in the church (some are set to work in the church and care for the church), first apostles, secondarily prophets, thirdly teachers, after that miracles, then gifts of healings, helps, governments, diversities of tongues.

 

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Titus  1  (elders/bishops)

 

4 To Titus, mine own son after the common faith: Grace, mercy, and peace, from God the Father and the Lord Jesus Christ our Saviour.

5 For this cause left I thee in Crete, that thou shouldest set in order the things that are wanting, and ordain elders in every city, as I had appointed thee:

6 If any be blameless, the husband of one wife, having faithful children not accused of riot or unruly.

7 For a bishop must be blameless, as the steward of God; not selfwilled, not soon angry, not given to wine, no striker, not given to filthy lucre;

(elder and bishop are titles used interchangeably and are the same office in the church)

8 But a lover of hospitality, a lover of good men, sober, just, holy, temperate;

9 Holding fast the faithful word as he hath been taught, that he may be able by sound doctrine both to exhort and to convince the gainsayers.

 

I Timothy 3

 

1 This is a true saying, If a man desire the office of a bishop, he desireth a good work.

2 A bishop then must be blameless, the husband of one wife, vigilant, sober, of good behaviour, given to hospitality, apt to teach;

3 Not given to wine, no striker, not greedy of filthy lucre; but patient, not a brawler, not covetous;

4 One that ruleth well his own house, having his children in subjection with all gravity;

5 (For if a man know not how to rule his own house, how shall he take care of the church of God?)

6 Not a novice, lest being lifted up with pride he fall into the condemnation of the devil.

7 Moreover he must have a good report of them which are without; lest he fall into reproach and the snare of the devil.

 

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1 Timothy 3  (deacons)

 

8 Likewise must the deacons be grave, not doubletongued, not given to much wine, not greedy of filthy lucre;

9 Holding the mystery of the faith in a pure conscience.

10 And let these also first be proved; then let them use the office of a deacon, being found blameless.

11 Even so must their wives be grave, not slanderers, sober, faithful in all things.

12 Let the deacons be the husbands of one wife, ruling their children and their own houses well.

13 For they that have used the office of a deacon well purchase to themselves a all good degree, and great boldness in the faith which is in Christ Jesus.

 

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Today there are many denominations of churches set up by men by their own will, bringing division to the body of Christ as Paul told us in I Corinthians 3.

 

I Corinthians 3  (Paul says)

 

1 And I, brethren, could not speak unto you as unto spiritual, but as unto carnal, even as unto babes in Christ.

2  I have fed you with milk, and not with meat: for hitherto ye were not able to bear it, neither yet now are ye able.

3 For ye are yet carnal: for whereas there is among you envying, and strife, and divisions, are ye not carnal, and walk as men?

4 For while one saith, I am of Paul; and another, I am of Apollos; are ye not carnal?

 

(One says, "I'm Methodist."  Another says, "I'm Baptist."  dividing the body of Christ by their denominations.)

 

Ephesians 4

 

1 I therefore, the prisoner of the Lord, beseech you that ye walk worthy of the vocation wherewith ye are called,

2 With all lowliness and meekness, with longsuffering, forbearing one another in love;

3 Endeavouring to keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace.

4 There is one body, and one Spirit, even as ye are called in one hope of your calling;

5 One Lord, one faith, one baptism,

6 One God and Father of all, WHO is above all, and through all, and in you all.

 

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And there is the end time apostasy today in the church groups where they have fallen away from specific scripture and have set up their own church doctrines which are opposite from the doctrine of Christ in the Holy Bible.

 

The apostle Paul said this apostasy in the church where antichrist reigns in the churches had to happen before Jesus could return.

 

II Thessalonians 2:3-4  

 

3 Let no man deceive you by any means: for that day (of the Lord) shall not come, except there come a falling away first, and that man of sin be revealed, the son of perdition;

4 Who opposeth and exalteth himself above all that is called God, or that is worshipped; so that he as God sitteth in the temple of God, shewing himself that he is God.

(In 1982, I was reading the above scripture and God explained to me:  "The falling away are not people leaving the church groups.  The falling away are the church groups leaving the scriptures.")

 

Paul said this would come in the end time churches:

 

Paul speaking to the elders of the church at Ephesus. 

 

Acts 20:29-30  For I know this, that after my departing shall grievous wolves enter in among you, not sparing the flock.   Also of your own selves shall men arise, speaking perverse things, to draw away disciples after them.

 

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God will destroy the antichrist churches of the apostasy when Jesus returns.

 

II Thessalonians 2:8   And then shall that Wicked be revealed, whom the Lord shall consume with the spirit of HIS mouth, and shall destroy with the brightness of HIS coming:

 

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When Jesus returns, HE will raise the dead in Christ and HE will send HIS angels to gather the elect of God who are still alive on this present earth.

 

I Thessalonians 4

 

16 For the Lord Himself shall descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel, and with the trump of God: and the dead in Christ shall rise first:

17 Then we which are alive and remain shall be caught up together with them in the clouds, to meet the Lord in the air: and so shall we ever be with the Lord.

 

Matthew 24

 

31 And HE (Jesus) shall send HIS angels with a great sound of a trumpet, and they shall gather together HIS elect from the four winds, from one end of heaven to the other.

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