The 1st cut in the cycle, 50bp or bust?

On the back of a recently published FOMC preview report, this week George Goncalves, MUFG Head of U.S. Macro Strategy, walks us through what to expect at the September FOMC meeting and the rationale for why our house view is calling for the first cut to be 50bps. George also explores how this easing cycle may progress.

In George’s view, this is a historical event because this easing cycle is being launched as a preemptive move to avoid further cooling in the labor market and economy. In the last few easing cycles, the Fed has lowered rates in reaction to a specific event or catalyst (i.e. dot.com bust, GFC and the pandemic) that shocks and quickly weakens the economy (forcing the Fed into action). This time the Fed has seen the macro environment turn and is being cautious because recent data is likely overstating how healthy the economy truly is. Therefore, the Fed is trying to modulate rates with the goal of avoiding a hard landing due to macro reasons (driven by the impact of higher rates on consumer spending, small business activity and government finances). In our view, and as covered in the podcast and our FOMC preview report, there are plenty of reasons to start off with a 50bp cut.

From a risk management perspective, there are two points to make.

• If the Fed is behind the curve (we think they are, they should have eased this past summer), they should cut rates quicker at the start and then attenuate the speed later in the easing cycle.  
• Although many surveys and forecasters are calling for 25bp cut, the market has priced in 50bps and to disappoint market pricing (which is embedded in all asset classes) runs the risk of acutely tightening financial conditions at the start of the easing cycle. That would be counterproductive and against the reason to cut in the first place.

Further down the road, as the Fed has a few cuts under its belt, at that stage is where we think there could be more push back from the Fed without triggering adverse market reactions. Lastly, we think the market has a lot of the potential cuts already priced-in for the overall cycle. Where one cannot definitively spell out at this point what is the right pace and final resting place for the Fed Funds rate. The election may have an impact during the early days of 2025 (as fiscal policy adjusts) too. We have been arguing the sooner the Fed starts, the less they may need to do. Its possible that we get pitstops along the way towards a neutral rate or it comes in a flash.

Bottom-line: We think 50bp is the best option in September. Post the first cut, the next moves from the Fed will come down to the outlook for the economy and markets.