The Judgment Seat of Christ, also known as the Bema Seat of Christ, is a theological concept within Christianity that refers to a future event where believers will stand before Jesus Christ to give an account of their lives and receive rewards based on their faithfulness and deeds done in this life. This concept is primarily derived from passages in the New Testament, particularly 2 Corinthians 5:10, which says, "For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, so that each of us may receive what is due us for the things done while in the body, whether good or bad" (NIV).
Unlike the final judgment, where unbelievers will face eternal separation from God, the Judgment Seat of Christ is specifically for believers. It is not a judgment of condemnation but rather an evaluation of believers' lives and service to determine their rewards in the eternal kingdom. This judgment is based on the quality of believers' works, their faithfulness to God, their obedience to his will, and the motives behind their actions.