The Paradox of Management: Achieving the Optimal Balance between Micro and Macro, by Jonathan H. Westover PhD

Abstract: This article examines micromanagement and under-management as two equally problematic yet opposite management approaches that undermine organizational effectiveness. While micromanagement involves excessive control that stifles employee autonomy and creativity, under-management represents insufficient guidance and accountability that leaves employees directionless. Drawing on research demonstrating how both styles negatively impact employee engagement, productivity, and retention, the article proposes a balanced "middle way" management approach that combines clear expectations with appropriate autonomy. This optimal management style empowers employees through trust while maintaining necessary oversight, providing timely feedback, and remaining available for support—ultimately creating environments where employees can thrive while organizational objectives are achieved through evidence-based strategies applicable across diverse industries.