Sam Kuypers is a theoretical physicist who specialises in the physics of time. If you have the time, Sam can take up as much of it as you like telling you about how our ideas of time have changed…over time. As Sam will reveals: times, they are not a-changing. But there is change! Newtonian physics has a notion of time (or at least Newton himself did), Relativity as discovered by Einstein in the early 1900s radically transformed our notion of what time is and now, in the 21st Century, Sam Kuypers and others are beginning to develop a quantum theory of time. And this is why Sam joins me for this episode as we unpack time as a quantum concept: the very topic of Chapter 11 of “The Fabric of Reality” and go deep on Sam’s more recent contributions to our understanding of the reality of time. Appropriately, time stamps are below.
You may have to take your time with some of this.
00:00 - Introduction to this episode
05:04 - Introduction to Sam Kuypers
06:30 - The day-to-day of a theoretical physicist
10:30 - What led Sam to Oxford University
12:10 - What was Sam’s doctoral thesis about?
15:20 - The importance of Everett
16:30 - “Classical” Time and “universal time”.
27:00 - Julian Barbour and time as a series of instants
30:35 - Spacetime and the timeless view of physical reality.
33:35 - The clash of General Relativity and Quantum Theory I
37:20 - The clash of General Relativity and Quantum Theory II
40:40 - c-numbers and q-numbers
42:30 - The significance of (non) commutability (i.e the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle).
46:05 - The Page-Wooters Construction (Quantum Time I).
53:15 - Can there be change if nothing is ever changing? (Quantum Time II)
55:31 - The Heisenberg vs Schrödinger “Pictures” of Quantum Theory.
57:35 - What is “locality” in physics?
58:40 - Entanglement and: "Does Quantum Theory allows for faster than light communication?”
1:00:48 - Unitary Quantum Theory (vs: Everettian Quantum Theory)
1:05:33 - Philosophical Realism, Physics
1:06:40 - Does Time Exist?
1:07:58 - Is Time Travel Possible?
1:11:30 - How did Sam find his way into physics?
1:14:30 - The Dutch Enlightenment vs The British Enlightenment
1:20:50 - The Netherlands, international trade, tolerance and specialisation
1:23:08 - The Invention of Free Trade and misconceptions with long lifetimes.
1:16:30 - The peculiar rivalry between European Allies
1:28:40 - Prosperity and Pessimism: Are both on the ascendency?
1:32:19: Why are people special?
1:37:14: Liberalism, Authoritarianism and Climate Change
1:40:25: Science, Morality and (eg: Dutch) Innovation
1:43:30 - Concluding Remarks
Ep 127: The End of Global Order (A response).
Ep: 126 Origins
Ep 125: Livestreams 1, 2 & 3
Ep 124: David Deutsch’s ”The Fabric of Reality” Chapter 6 “Universality and the limits of Computation”
Ep 123: Ask Me Anything 3
Ep 122: ”Work and Heat” - Chiara Marletto’s ”The Science of Can and Can’t” Chapter 6 Readings & Discussion.
(Episode 121) Energy
(Episode 120) Newsletter 10: The Jubilee, Peace, Progress and Policing
Ep 119: Work and Heat: An introduction to thermodynamics (a prelude to Ch 6 of ”The Science of Can & Can’t).
(Ep 118: The Planetary Health Authority)
(Ep 117: Heat, Work, Universality and Exams)
Ep 116: Objective Knowledge
Ep 115: David Deutsch’s ”The Fabric of Reality” Chapter 5 “Virtual Reality”
(Ep 114) Newsletter 3: Manners and Misattributions
Ep: 113 Steven Pinker’s ”Rationality” Chapter 4 ”Probability and Randomness” Remarks and Analysis
(Ep 112) The 3Rs: Reality, Reason and Rationality. Newsletter 1
Ep 111: Probability - Reality, Rationality and Risk
Ep 110: A Tradition of Criticism
Ep: 109 ”Objective Morality I: The Principle of Optimism”
Ep: 108 Steven Pinker’s ”Rationality”Chapter 3 ”Logic and Critical Thinking” - reflections and analysis.
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