Varn Vlog

From Mills To World-Systems: Tracing Wallerstein’s Path with Sam Chian

What if the most consequential “Marxist” of a generation refused to call himself one—and was more consistent for it? We dive into Immanuel Wallerstein’s intellectual journey, from C. Wright Mills’s classrooms to African political movements and a close reading of Fanon, to the long durée horizons inspired by Fernand Braudel. Along the way, we unpack how world‑systems analysis took shape against modernization theory, challenged neat stages of growth, and rejected methodological nationalism without abandoning struggles for national liberation.We trace Wallerstein’s friendships and frictions with the thinkers often grouped as the world‑systems “gang of four”—Samir Amin, Giovanni Arrighi, and Andre Gunder Frank—and the Maoist currents that pulled many left intellectuals in the 1960s and 70s. Then we explore where they parted: Frank’s ancient world system, Arrighi’s China‑as‑hegemon thesis, and Wallerstein’s claim that capitalism entered structural crisis in the 1970s, foreclosing any stable successor hegemon. We also revisit Monthly Review’s influence (underdevelopment, unequal exchange) and what Wallerstein rejected (monopoly capital as a “stage,” stagist history, and nation‑bound strategies).If you’ve heard core, periphery, and semi‑periphery tossed around like a simple map, this conversation resets the frame: these are world‑systemic relations that cut within and across states. We highlight why Wallerstein’s absolute immiseration thesis matters now, how his optimism lived in the transition—50 percent chance for a better system, 50 percent for worse—and why internationalism is the missing key when national victories stall out. From techno‑feudalism chatter to BRICS and the Belt and Road, we ask whether we’re seeing a new phase or an old system failing, and what agency looks like on the far side of decay.Listen for a clear, historically grounded tour through Wallerstein’s ideas, the debates they shaped, and the stakes they raise for today’s left. If the road ahead isn’t automatic progress, it’s strategy and solidarity. Subscribe, share with a friend, and tell us: is socialism or barbarism more likely where you live?About Sam ChianSam Chian is an educator based in Oslo, Norway, where he teaches Economics and Social Studies at the upper secondary level. He holds a Master’s degree in Sociology from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU). As a researcher, he has contributed to the Review of African Political Economy (ROAPE), specifically investigating the career and intellectual development of Immanuel Wallerstein.Relevant Links & Resources:doi.org/10.62191/ROAPE-2025-0001 doi.org/10.5195/jwsr.2025.1304 doi.org/10.1007/s12108-025-09671-5Send a text Musis by Bitterlake, Used with Permission, all rights to BitterlakeSupport the showCrew:Host: C. Derick VarnIntro and Outro Music by Bitter Lake.Intro Video Design: Jason MylesArt Design: Corn and C. Derick VarnLinks and Social Media:twitter: @varnvlogblue sky: @varnvlog.bsky.socialYou can find the additional streams on YoutubeCurrent Patreon at the Sponsor Tier: Jordan Sheldon, Mark J. Matthews, Lindsay Kimbrough, RedWolf, DRV, Kenneth McKee, JY Chan, Matthew Monahan, Parzival, Adriel Mixon, Buddy Roark, Daniel Petrovic,Julian

Popular Or United Fronts Explained with Brandon Lightly

Coalitions promise power, but what if they mostly deliver blame? We dig into the sharp difference between a United Front and a Popular Front, trace their roots from the Second International through the Comintern, and confront the hard history behind antifascist coalitions in France, Italy, and Spain. Along the way, we separate romance from results: Allied armies defeated fascism; Popular Front cabinets rarely did. That sobering fact reframes what “winning” looked like—and why so many movements grew fast, entered government, and then unraveled.From there, we bring the analysis home. The United States isn’t Europe: our parties are private duopoly machines, election law is fractured across states, and governing power is fenced in by bond markets, courts, and bureaucratic veto points. That’s why the CPUSA’s most significant advances—interracial union drives, Southern organizing, voting rights fights—came through oppositional power, not shared ministries. We examine how the postwar purge erased that base, why ministry-without-hegemony plagued South Africa’s tripartite deal, and how today’s left populism keeps rediscovering the same brick wall in city halls and Congress.We also tackle China’s “United Front,” New Democracy, and why that path depended on peasant majorities and civil war conditions absent in developed economies. The throughline is clear: coalitions without control invite contradictions. United Front tactics—independence, coordinated action, refusal to co-govern without command—were built to avoid that trap. Popular Fronts trade clarity for breadth; breadth without hegemony turns victories into boomerangs. If you care about socialist strategy, labor power, and actually shifting policy, this conversation offers a sharper, historically grounded map for what to build, when to join, and when to say no.If this challenged your priors or clarified some foggy distinctions, share it with a comrade, hit follow, and leave a review telling us where you stand on coalition strategy.About Brandon LightlyBrandon Lightly is a policy researcher with a background in International Affairs and History. His work focuses on investigating the intersection of ideology and contemporary global crises, providing deep-dive analysis into the historical roots of today’s political challenges.Send a text Musis by Bitterlake, Used with Permission, all rights to BitterlakeSupport the showCrew:Host: C. Derick VarnIntro and Outro Music by Bitter Lake.Intro Video Design: Jason MylesArt Design: Corn and C. Derick VarnLinks and Social Media:twitter: @varnvlogblue sky: @varnvlog.bsky.socialYou can find the additional streams on YoutubeCurrent Patreon at the Sponsor Tier: Jordan Sheldon, Mark J. Matthews, Lindsay Kimbrough, RedWolf, DRV, Kenneth McKee, JY Chan, Matthew Monahan, Parzival, Adriel Mixon, Buddy Roark, Daniel Petrovic,Julian

Crisis As Decision In German Thought with Timothy Schatz

Crisis didn’t always mean endless catastrophe. In German thought, it once meant a turning point—a judgment that forces choice. We dig into why that word saturated late 19th‑century philosophy and how it connected national unification, scientific ambition, and the search for values that could survive modernity’s shocks.We start with the idealists: Kant’s “critical” epoch set the mood for Hegel’s self‑clarifying history and the historicists’ hunt for inner laws of culture. From there, we follow the political tremors—Napoleon to Bismarck, unification to Weimar—to see how crisis moved from battlefield to spirit. Nietzsche then flips the frame. With God declared dead, he treats crisis as the baseline. The “last man” laughs, while creativity becomes obligation. Whether you read eternal return as metaphysics or a test, the question remains: can you affirm life without borrowed certainties?Enter Husserl with a different alarm. The sciences aren’t failing; they’re succeeding so thoroughly that they forget their ground. His method—the epoché and phenomenological description—recenters evidence in the lifeworld, the shared, embodied world where things show up with sense before theory. That doesn’t undercut physics or math; it anchors them. We talk through demarcation debates, the limits of positivism, and how probability and incompleteness humbled simple falsification stories. Along the way we revisit Marx’s crises as forks, not fate, and unpack how “krisis” in Greek names decision at its root.If crisis is judgment, not doom, then it asks something of us: to test idols with Nietzsche’s courage and to pause with Husserl’s discipline before deciding what to affirm. We close with practical stakes—why method matters for public reason, how translation shapes concepts, and where philosophy still helps when hot takes run out.Enjoy the conversation? Follow the show, share it with a friend who loves big ideas, and leave a review so more curious people can find us.Send a text Musis by Bitterlake, Used with Permission, all rights to BitterlakeSupport the showCrew:Host: C. Derick VarnIntro and Outro Music by Bitter Lake.Intro Video Design: Jason MylesArt Design: Corn and C. Derick VarnLinks and Social Media:twitter: @varnvlogblue sky: @varnvlog.bsky.socialYou can find the additional streams on YoutubeCurrent Patreon at the Sponsor Tier: Jordan Sheldon, Mark J. Matthews, Lindsay Kimbrough, RedWolf, DRV, Kenneth McKee, JY Chan, Matthew Monahan, Parzival, Adriel Mixon, Buddy Roark, Daniel Petrovic,Julian

From Dawn to Decadence, Part 5

Start with the symptom: everything still moves, yet less gets done. We unpack decadence as a live condition—where empires posture with airstrikes instead of strategy, markets float on bubbly valuations, and everyday obligations dissolve into choice and churn. Rather than predicting apocalypse, we track how capabilities thin out while systems grow heavier, and we ask what it would take to reverse that pattern.Our conversation maps the terrain across geopolitics and political economy. We examine military hollowing, Trump-era incentives, and the shift from global projection to regional coercion that masquerades as multipolar “freedom.” We dig into Brexit’s exposure of Britain’s productive weakness, the EU’s turn to securitization, and why faltering Belt and Road ambitions recalibrate power rather than replace it. On the economic front, we separate real profit rates from rent-inflated revenues, explain how administrative bloat and litigation fuel cost disease in sectors like education, and show why fictitious capital turns asset inflation into the only viable growth model. Elite overproduction and de-skilling aren’t just memes; they’re structural forces that capture institutions while eroding competence.Culture mirrors these dynamics. Tools like standpoint epistemology and intersectionality began sharp and specific, then inflated under attention incentives until they explained everything and clarified nothing. The attention economy rewards maximalism; conspiracy offers coherence on the cheap. Meanwhile, social reproduction falters: loneliness rises, trust collapses, and the language of total choice encroaches on domains that need durable obligation. You don’t have to be religious to see the cost—families, chosen and given, remain our basic infrastructure of care, and population decline reflects deeper social illness, not just private preference.We don’t offer a rewind button. Renewal means rebuilding capacity: sectoral strategies that let unions scale across fragmented workplaces; simplification that cuts compliance labyrinths; investment that privileges real production over valuations; and a civic culture that re-centers duty and measurable outcomes. Decadence is a diagnosis, not a fate. If this resonates, share the episode, leave a review, and subscribe—then tell us where you see decay turning into growth in your own world.Send a text Musis by Bitterlake, Used with Permission, all rights to BitterlakeSupport the showCrew:Host: C. Derick VarnIntro and Outro Music by Bitter Lake.Intro Video Design: Jason MylesArt Design: Corn and C. Derick VarnLinks and Social Media:twitter: @varnvlogblue sky: @varnvlog.bsky.socialYou can find the additional streams on YoutubeCurrent Patreon at the Sponsor Tier: Jordan Sheldon, Mark J. Matthews, Lindsay Kimbrough, RedWolf, DRV, Kenneth McKee, JY Chan, Matthew Monahan, Parzival, Adriel Mixon, Buddy Roark, Daniel Petrovic,Julian

Punditry Without Memory with Sudip Bhattacharya

Start with a word we all hear too much: fascism. Now ask why, with the term everywhere, our understanding keeps getting worse. That’s the puzzle we dig into as Sudip Bhattacharya joins C. Derick Varn to dissect how American punditry flattens history, confuses categories, and protects the status quo with buzzwords instead of analysis. From cable news panels that treat any state action as “authoritarian,” to former neocons who reinvent themselves as respectable anti‑Trump voices while dodging their own records, we map the machinery that makes bad takes inevitable.The conversation moves from media habits to concrete stakes: Israel‑Palestine as a settler colonial project, the perverse weaponization of antisemitism, and the bizarre spectacle of far‑right figures courting Israel while trafficking in bigotry. We examine how this fog invites real antisemitism to grow and erases anti‑Zionist Jewish voices. Then we turn local: the Cuomo vs. Mamdani showdown in New York, where Islamophobic tropes, AI smear ads, and institutional panic collided with a multiethnic, youth‑driven coalition that showed what organizing can do. The story isn’t about a savior candidate; it’s about constituencies learning to convert movement energy into votes and power.Along the way, we chart the collapse of elite “competence”—tech barons LARPing masculinity, markets priced on fantasy, and leaders who cannot restore a fading consensus. That might sound bleak, but it’s also an opening. We talk windows of opportunity: shifting public opinion on Palestine, younger voters rejecting old scripts, and the practical tools needed to make fast‑moving crises count—unions, tenant groups, legal defense, and media with memory. Precision beats panic. Structure beats vibes. If punditry sells amnesia, we trade in context: how we got here, what the rails look like, and where to lay new track.Listen, share with someone who’s tired of vibes without history, and leave a review with the sharpest question this episode raised for you. Your notes shape what we tackle next.Link Discussed: https://revolpress.substack.com/p/comfortable-lies-how-pundits-enableSend a text Musis by Bitterlake, Used with Permission, all rights to BitterlakeSupport the showCrew:Host: C. Derick VarnIntro and Outro Music by Bitter Lake.Intro Video Design: Jason MylesArt Design: Corn and C. Derick VarnLinks and Social Media:twitter: @varnvlogblue sky: @varnvlog.bsky.socialYou can find the additional streams on YoutubeCurrent Patreon at the Sponsor Tier: Jordan Sheldon, Mark J. Matthews, Lindsay Kimbrough, RedWolf, DRV, Kenneth McKee, JY Chan, Matthew Monahan, Parzival, Adriel Mixon, Buddy Roark, Daniel Petrovic,Julian