Overview Urinalysis Color & Clarity Protein RBC WBC Glucose Specific gravity Ketones pH Bilirubin/Urobilinogen Nursing Points General Normal value range Color & Clarity Normal – Yellow Other colors
Overview
Urinalysis
Color & Clarity
Protein
RBC
WBC
Glucose
Specific gravity
Ketones
pH
Bilirubin/Urobilinogen
Nursing Points General
Normal value range
Color & Clarity
Normal – Yellow
Other colors
Drug interactions
Propofol – green
Methylene blue – blue/green
Trauma
Red/Brown
Liver failure
Brown/tea colored
Clear – Normal
Cloudy
Cell or contaminant related
Turbid
Severe presence of cells (WBC, RBC)
pH
~6
Changes in body condition can change pH
Metabolic acidosis/alkalosis
Protein
0-trace
Glomerular permeability/infection
RBC
0-2
Bleeding
Trauma/injury below kidneys
WBC
Negative
Sepsis/Infection/UTI
Glucose
Negative
Diabetes
Ketones
Negative
Presence of ketones can indicate endocrine disease like Diabetes
Urine Specific Gravity
1.010-1.030
Facilities vary
Ability to concentrate urine
Hydration
Overhydration
Decreased USG
Dehydration
Increased USG
Diabetes insipidus
Causes increased diuresis
SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone)