Earlier this month, a Food and Drug Administration panel concluded that a common decongestant ingredient used in drugs like Sudafed and NyQuil doesn’t work. The panel agreed that while the ingredient, called phenylephrine, isn’t dangerous, it doesn’t work any better than a placebo.
That made us wonder: How well do placebos work? And why do they work even when people know they’re getting a placebo?
Ted J. Kaptchuk, professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School and director of the Program in Placebo Studies and Therapeutic Encounter at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, joins guest host and musician Dessa to talk about what’s new in placebo research. They discuss the benefits placebos can offer for chronic illness management, and when doctors might start using them in treatments.
Where Technology Meets Ableism
With all the bad news on our feeds, a feel-good story can be a welcome reprieve. But what happens when that story comes in the form of coverage of disability technology?
You might’ve seen the videos online of a person with a physical disability being fitted with an exoskeleton, essentially “wearing” a robot, to help them walk. Onlookers cheer in the background, dramatic music swells, and we get the sense we’re watching something inspirational and empowering—a victory of the human spirit.
This might seem like a triumph of scientific innovation, but our guest asks us to look again at what’s actually going on in narratives like this one.
Dr. Ashley Shew, associate professor at Virginia Tech, studies the intersection of disability and technology and how our collective fixation on these fancy, supposedly transformative gadgets could be doing more harm than good. In her new book, she coins the term “technoableism” to get to the heart of the matter.Guest host and musician Dessa talks with Dr. Shew about her book Against Technoableism: Rethinking Who Needs Improvement, about what disability technology is, what the future should look like, and even how disability intersects with space travel and climate change.
Sour Times For Florida’s Citrus
Florida is known for citrus, particularly its fresh-squeezed orange juice. But citrus trees in the state are struggling. For the last two decades, crops have been struck with a devastating disease called “citrus greening.” And Florida orange production has dropped some 94% over that period.
Citrus greening is caused by an invasive insect, the Asian citrus psyllid, which is threatening to wipe out the citrus industry in the state. One of the effects of the disease is a bitter, acidic fruit. Scientists are hard at work devising possible solutions to save Florida’s crop.
Guest host and musician Dessa talks with Dr. Yu Wang, associate professor of food science at the University of Florida’s Citrus Education and Research Center, about her recent advances in making infected orange plants sweeter.
Making Neuroscience Into Music
When composer Sarah Hennies learned about a neurological theory called “motor tapes” from Oliver Sacks’ book Musicophilia, the concept stuck with her for years. The theory comes from neuroscientist Rodolfo Llinás, who posited that many of our thoughts, memories, and physical movements operate via a series of “looping tapes,” with the goal of reducing the amount of energy the brain uses while doing common, repetitive tasks.
The concept resonated with Hennies, who is also a visiting assistant professor of music at Bard College. Most of her compositions use heavy amounts of repetition, and Llinás’ theory fit with how she experienced her own memories and the evolution of her identity. Her piece “Motor Tapes” premiered in early August, performed by Ensemble Dedalus.
Hennies joins guest host and musician Dessa to talk about repetition in music, how to translate neuroscience into art, and what that pairing can reveal about our bodies and the world around us.
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Transcripts for each segment will be available the week after the show airs on sciencefriday.com.
744: Predicting Heart Disease From Chest X-Rays With AI | Storing New Memories During Sleep
746: Recipient Of Pig Kidney Transplant Recovering | Answering Your Questions About April 8 Eclipse
743: Our Inevitable Cosmic Apocalypse
742: The Complicated Truths About Offshore Wind And Right Whales
741: The Bumpy Road To Approving New Alzheimer’s Drugs
740: ‘3 Body Problem’ And The Laws Of Physics | In Defense Of ‘Out Of Place’ Plants
739: Baltimore Bridge Collapse | Mapping How Viruses Jump Between Species
738: The Legacy Of Primatologist Frans de Waal
737: The ‘Asteroid Hunter’ Leading The OSIRIS-REx Mission
736: Swimming Sea Lions Teach Engineers About Fluid Dynamics
735: Botanical Rescue Centers Take In Illegally Trafficked Plants
734: 2023 Was Hottest Year On Record | The NASA Satellite Studying Plankton
731: A Strange-Looking Fish, Frozen In Time
732: What We Know After 4 Years Of COVID-19
733: Science Unlocks The Power Of Flavor In ‘Flavorama’
729: Abortion-Restrictive States Leave Ob-Gyns With Tough Choices
730: Nasal Rising Safely | How Your Brain Constructs Your Mental Health
726: A New Book Puts ‘Math in Drag’
725: With This Rare Disorder, No Amount Of Sleep Is Enough
724: How Election Science Can Support Democracy | The Genetic Roots Of Antibiotic Resistance
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