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这病说来话长

这病说来话长

Health & Fitness

VOL.36眼科|关于干眼症、眼药水、眼底病、近视和近视手术…眼科主任有话说

VOL.36眼科|关于干眼症、眼药水、眼底病、近视和近视手术…眼科主任有话说

2023-04-05
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本期朋友:毛春洁(天津总医院眼科副主任医师、眼科学博士、天津市医疗健康学会眼科专业委员会委员)

主要方向:白内障手术、青少年近视防控、近视矫正及干眼症综合治疗

所在行业:医疗

工作岗位:临床医疗

对于合并全身性 疾病的眼部疾病 有着丰富的经验。

所在地点:国内

我们总说“眼睛是心灵之窗”,因为眼睛为我们提供90%的信息。当我们眼睛出现了问题的时候心急如焚,所以眼部疾病也给我们的心理和生活带来负担。换个角度看,眼部疾病的发病原因未必全在眼睛上。比如代谢病方面、神经系统方面的问题都会影响眼睛。我们这4期节目以“眼科”为主题,请到的是天津市医疗健康学会眼科专业委员会委员、眼科学博士、天津总医院眼科副主任毛春洁医师,为大家常见的眼部疾病进行科普、误区讲解以及从本主题开始的新增环节——听友答疑解惑专场。

本期着重聊一聊包括干眼症、近视眼的问题;那些治近视的药靠不靠谱;近视手术是不是一劳永逸;发病位置相同的麦粒肿与霰粒肿有何区别;左氧氟沙星并是不是万能药水;日本眼药水中的“爱马仕”到底靠不靠谱?

*图片来毛春洁医生

社交媒体

阿汤小红书视频播客:汤瀚森

毛春洁:Dr.more

时间轴

01:51 毛医生从事眼科工作已经多久了?

02:25 您当时为什么会选择了眼科?

04:21 眼睛为我们提供90%的信息

05:48 眼科有没有外科和内科之分(临床病症)?

08:22 有一些眼部疾病不是单一的问题,比如得了糖尿病有可能会失明?

13:21 有的眼部疾病要看神经科?比如突然看东西重影了

17:20 挂号眼科看诊前的查视力有没有必要?

19:15 眼部疾病是不是有一些是治不好的“绝症”?比如电视剧《狂飙》中高启强用“得了绝症来骗大嫂”,干眼症真的是治不好的一种眼部疾病,我们平时该怎么注意?可以预防么?

23:47 糖尿病引发的眼底问题,貌似也是“绝症”,但在临床上医生可以让患者提高生活质量

25:11 近视也是一种“绝症”么?现在的近视手术是不是一劳永逸的?有人说会出现眼睛干涩等一些不良反应?

27:11 近视手术前有非常严格的角膜状态和眼底的检查

27:49 400度以上(特别是600度以上)的近视建议每年散瞳检查

29:59 为什么眼科大夫还带着眼镜?

30:58 飞秒或者半飞秒的近视手术真的会造成眼干么?运动会引起角膜脱落么?

33:06 发病位置相同的麦粒肿与霰粒肿有何区别?

37:55 眼睛发红的几种临床病症

39:59 左氧氟沙星并不是万能药水,日本眼药水中的“爱马仕”到底靠不靠谱?

42:05 尽量选择成分比较单一的眼药水

关联名词解释

干眼症是常见的眼表疾病,由泪液的质、量及动力学异常导致的泪膜不稳定或眼表微环境失衡,造成眼部多种不适症状和(或)视功能障碍[1]。据统计显示,我国干眼症发生率为21%~30%[2]。2014年亚洲干眼学会首次将干眼症列为慢性疾病[3],其治疗原则根据发病程度和类型给予个体化和长期治疗,同时使患者适应慢病管理体系[4]。在眼科药学服务中,部分患者存在疾病认知不清、自行滥用药品等现象,严重影响治疗效果、消耗医疗资源。

干眼症合并精神障碍的病例逐年上升,严重影响患者生活质量,越来越受社会及眼科临床的关注。文献报道,超过40%干眼症患者有睡眠障碍[5]。本次研究,药师从沟通入手,联合心理医生开设眼科身心门诊,及时疏导患者负面情绪,提升其疾病治疗的信心,改善了患者的焦虑症状,提高临床治疗的积极性[6]。

参考文献

[1] 无,刘祖国.中国干眼专家共识: 定义和分类(2020年)J].中华眼科杂志,2020(6): 418-422.

[2] 刘祖国,王华.关注干眼慢性疾病管理体系的建设IJ].中华眼科杂志,2018,54(2): 81-83.

[3] Tsubota k, Yokoi N, Shimazaki J, et al. New perspectives on dry eye defnition and diagnosis: a consensus report by the Asia dry eye sogietyiJl. Ocul Surf2017.15(1): 65-76.

[4] 无,刘祖国. 中国干眼专家共识: 治疗(2020年)[J]. 中华眼科杂志,2020(12): 907-913.

[5] 赵丁梦,杨嘉玮,朱思泉.干眼与睡眠障碍关系的研究进展I].国际眼科杂志,2021,21(5): 814-817.

[6] 陆海,王兴,闫瑾,陈陆霞,马一平.干眼症患者药物治疗管理模式的建立和评价[J].中国医院药学杂志:1-7.

*本内容仅供健康科普使用,不能作为诊断、治疗的依据,请谨慎参考。

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