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张婉琦 | 爱之声

张婉琦 | 爱之声

Society & Culture

叶圣陶:《驱遣我们的想象》

叶圣陶:《驱遣我们的想象》

2023-11-23
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《驱遣我们的想象》

叶圣陶

在原始社会里,文字还没有创造出来,却先有了歌谣一类的东西。这也就是文艺。

文字创造出来以后,人就用它把所见所闻所想所感的一切记录下来。一首歌谣,不但口头唱,还要刻呀,漆呀,把它保留在什么东西上。这样,文艺和文字就并了家。

后来纸和笔普遍地使用了,而且发明了印刷术。凡是需要记录下来的东西,要多少份就可以有多少份。于是所谓文艺,从外表说,就是一篇稿子,一部书,就是许多文字的集合体。

文字是一道桥梁,通过了这一道桥梁,读者才和作者会面。不但会面,并且了解作者的心情,和作者的心情相契合。

就作者的方面说,文艺的创作决不是随便取许多文字来集合在一起。作者着手创作,必然对于人生先有所见,先有所感。他把这些所见所感写出来,不作抽象的分析,而作具体的描写,不作刻板的记载,而作想象的安排。他准备写的不是普通的论说文、记叙文;他准备写的是文艺。他动手写,不但选择那些最适当的文字,让它们集合起来,还要审查那些写下来的文字,看有没有应当修改或是增减的。总之,作者想做到的是:写下来的文字正好传达出他的所见所感。

就读者的方面说,读者看到的是写在纸面或者印在纸面的文字,但是看到文字并不是他们的目的。他们要通过文字去接触作者的所见所感。



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