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雪球·财经有深度

雪球·财经有深度

Business:Investing

2447.把人类新能源推向新的高度

2447.把人类新能源推向新的高度

2024-03-18
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欢迎收听雪球和喜马拉雅联合出品的财经有深度雪球国内领先的集投资交流交易一体的综合财富管理平台,聪明的投资者都在这里。听众朋友们大家好我是主播匪石,今天分享的内容叫做把人类新能源推向新的高度,来自围棋投研。

前两天,宁德时代发布了23年年报,同时在发布后5分钟举行了业绩交流会。业绩会全程由曾毓群董事长亲自问答,说实话听得有些兴奋和感动。兴奋之情是在看到“向全体股东每10股派发年度现金分红和特别现金分红50.28元(含税),合计派发现金分红220.6亿元”这句话时,就已经萌生。情绪升华更是源于全程高能的回答环节,问的都是核心矛盾,答的都是真知灼见。简要分享一下此次简报和业绩交流会的部分核心内容。大致有以下几个方面。

首先是关于动力电池。动力电池对终端产品是有定义能力的,能够深刻区分出不同新能源车的性能、安全、可靠性、二手车价格等等。电池的核心不是成本,而是价值,是对车企、对消费者的价值。况且,宁德电池并不比其他电池贵很多,毛利率才20%多,如果换算成每开1公里的成本,宁德反而是最便宜的。

第二点是关于宁德时代的C端业务。例如换电和B2G,即电池给电网充电,就是宁德电池价值的“翻译器”,500次循环和5000次循环平时体现不出差距,放到C端就会很明显。

第三点是关于碳酸锂的价格定位。宁德布局自有矿后,碳酸锂价格跌至10万/吨左右,但公司很高兴,因为这对产业链是好事情。未来希望能做成“中央厨房”,锂价涨了卖出一些,锂价跌了买进一些,争取平衡价格。

第四点是关于固态电池。宁德内部对新产品有3条定义路线:技术路线是指在技术上成不成立,能否跑通;产品路线是指产品的安全性、可靠性和一致性能不能保证;商品路线是指能不能卖得出去,价格会不会太贵。曾董事长说,自己看固态电池近14年,宁德本身也做了大量投入,目前固态电池在技术路线上都还有很多亟待克服的困难,距离商品路线就更远。

第五点是关于储能电池。曾董指出需要提升对储能重要性的认知,1GWh储能需要接近150万颗电池,因此对一致性要求非常严格,壁垒很高。

第六点是关于地缘政治问题。福特-宁德模式是非常好的分享模式,福特是需要在美国当地盖房子,进展会比较慢。其他本身就有工厂的合作客户,适配改造速度会更快,将来会有很多投资伙伴用这个模式。另外欧洲电池厂商有很多技术达不到的,都希望宁德提供帮助,在收取一定技术授权费用后,公司很愿意分享。解决地缘政治问题,最重要是客户对你的认可,包括产品、创新、可靠性、以及给客户产品带来的差异化。但商业关系的持续时间要远超地缘政治关系,毕竟海外选举4-5年一次,而商业关系从定点、到量产、再到深入合作,一般要8-10年,这比政治关系还牢靠。有位摩根士丹利的分析师,在提问时提到福特一直和美国政府在说,宁德是全球最好的电池企业。

第七点是关于竞争格局。国内短期都是博弈,拼份额、拼价格;长期要看价值,为客户即为消费者创造的价值。海外,欧洲和美国都想做电池,但在电池人才方面,国内是欧洲10倍、美国100倍,在欧美基本找不到电化学人才。

第八点是关于纯电趋势。现在插电和增程都在追求大电量,以后自动驾驶和AI智能赋都是“耗电王”,因此纯电是必然趋势,纯电和智能化是绑在一起的。纯电唯一痛点就是冬天续航,解决方案是在做低温电池研发和量产。纯电车就是看续航和充电,前者可能600公里就行,1000公里足够,后者已经有神行电池,10分钟充电400公里。

最后是宁德时代的公司愿景和投资回报。任何解决不了的问题,本质都是分享问题,宁德非常注重“分享”,希望把人类新能源推向新的高度,形成人类命运共同体。无论地缘政治怎么变化,全球气候问题是全人类共同的事情。同事曾董表示,短期回报且看市场如何炒来炒去,但给予股东的长期稳定回报,一定是有的。

业绩交流会过程中,有不止一位投资者表示对宁德的崇敬之情,我相信这不是客套或恭维。从内心而言,我真的为国内有这么一家全球巨头而骄傲,我更为自己能长期坚定相信和陪伴而自豪。正如曾董事长所言,短期的份额、价格、渗透率以及股价,都无法预判,但长期的增长、回报、信仰以及愿景,或许是能够坚定的。



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