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雪球·财经有深度

雪球·财经有深度

Business:Investing

2562.中储粮供应哪种油?影响哪些食用油上市公司?食用油该怎么选?

2562.中储粮供应哪种油?影响哪些食用油上市公司?食用油该怎么选?

2024-07-11
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欢迎收听雪球和喜马拉雅联合出品的财经有深度,雪球,国内领先的集投资交流交易一体的综合财富管理平台,聪明的投资者都在这里。今天分享的内容叫中储粮供应哪种油?影响哪些食用油上市公司?食用油该怎么选?来自新流财资。

中储粮这事一出,我最关心的是我买过的油有多大可能会被波及到,第一想法就是看看常买的那些上市公司被中储粮影响了多少,哪些需要注意的。当然被报道的也只是中储粮一家,其他的企业是什么情况没人知道。所以就能看到多少是多少吧。另外受材料披露程度以及时效限制,相关信息只能供参考,并不代表实际。

根据“oilcn油讯”的介绍,我国食用油零售行业属于高度集中的寡头垄断格局,三寡头益海嘉里(金龙鱼)、山东鲁花(鲁花)、中粮集团(福临门)在2022年的市场占有率为53.7%,食用油零售三寡头中,目前已上市的仅有金龙鱼一家,中粮集团、山东鲁花并未上市。

三寡头中,中粮集团与益海嘉里一样,油类基本上全覆盖。山东鲁花主打花生油,目前也在积极拓展菜籽油、玉米油、葵花籽油等新品类,从品类上看,山东鲁花受到中储粮的影响可能比较小。

在三巨头之外,已上市的食用油企业还有道道全、京粮控股、西王食品、金健米业。

首先巴拉下中储粮。

中储粮其首要职能是国家油脂战略储备,在油脂界只有中储粮才是代表国家意志的企业,所有其他包括挂中字头的都不是。无论是托市保护收购,还是调剂市场,平抑油价,都需要通过中储粮完成。是油脂圈实体五霸之首。

中储粮旗下没有上市公司,但是旗下的中储粮油脂有限公司在2017年发过一期超短融。

1、中储粮销售的油料品类是豆油、棕榈油和菜籽油

2、最大的下游客户是益海嘉里集团,销售的主要产品是豆油和菜油,其与益海嘉里互相上下游。

3、再看其2016年审计报告,没有统计前五客户,但是披露了应收账款明细,其中涉及到食用油生产的企业有:

前五大应收账款对象:京粮最多,其次益海嘉里

其他应收对象,九三集团出现,益海嘉里旗下其他成员不再赘述

能看到的是将近10年前的数据,虽然双方都是量级巨大企业,合作理论上具有长期稳定的特征,但是并不能代表当前的情况,信息仅供参考。

接着看A股上市的几家上市公司

金龙鱼基本上做到了食用油品类的全覆盖。

金龙鱼上市之后就不再披露前五大供应商的名称,考虑到其供应商比较集中,并且一般不太会轻易更换供应商的情况,追到其IPO的文件,可以发现“中储粮”一直是其头部供应商,且交易金额巨大。

丰益国际和ADM为其关联方,其中向丰益国际采购的主要原材料为棕榈及月桂酸油,向ADM采购的主要原材料为大豆及加工品。

来到2023年年报,其前5的供应商中,供应商一与供应商四是其关联方,其他的里面有没有中储粮,大家可以猜猜。

道道全主要做菜籽油,为长江流域最大的菜籽油类产品供应商。

与金龙鱼一样,道道全上市之后不再披露前五大供应商的名单,其供应商名单同样需要追溯到IPO文件,时效性相对比较差,但是同样因为合作关系相对稳定,数据有一定的参考性。

益海嘉里(金龙鱼)、中储粮、富昌国际是其主要供应商。

到2023年年报,供应上明细名称是看不到了,但是可以看到的是,其头部供应商的集中度越来越高,第一名的份额碾压其他,第一名是谁家不得而知。(往年与IPO时供应商份额比例相对稳定)

京粮覆盖的食用油品类也比较多,但是目测主要是大豆油。

京粮控股的23年年报,同样看不到有效的供应商信息。但从前面中储粮2016年的募集报告中已经看到京粮是中储粮的客户之一。

然后京粮控股经营管控优势的一段描述比较有意思,首京粮控股的植物油加工产能主要集中在京粮天津,而“京粮天津”这家公司是京粮与中储粮的合资公司,京粮持股70%,中储粮油脂持股30%。按照这个描述,是否可以认为虽然中储粮是京粮的供应商,但是因为厂区紧挨着,就可以避免罐车倒运的风险了?但是从现有的地图上我没看出来哪个是中储粮油脂的国家储备库。

再追到2016年京粮控股借壳上市的募集说明书,中储粮是其最大的供应商。

西王食品,国内最大的玉米胚芽油生产基地,玉米油市场占有率已达 30%以上。产品还涉及菜籽油、葵花籽油、花生油等多个健康油种。

从产品线上看,这次天津中储粮的事情可能对西王的影响也是比较小的。

同样上市公司并没有公布供应商的名单,其借壳上市时间也很久远,不再追溯。

金健米业以菜籽油为主,经营体量不大,上市时间久远,年报供应商信息隐匿,没能整出有效信息。

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