第2562期:Red Coloring Linked to Cancer Risk Banned in US Foods

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has banned a chemical widely used to color some food products red. The ban of the coloring chemical, called dye, came nearly 35 years after it was removed from skin products because of a possible cancer risk.

美国食品和药物管理局 (FDA) 已禁止使用一种广泛用于将某些食品染成红色的化学物质。这种名为染料的着色化学物质因可能存在癌症风险而被从皮肤产品中去除近 35 年后，该化学物质被禁止使用。

A group of food safety and health supporters issued a petition in 2022 seeking to have the FDA ban Red No. 3 in food.

一组食品安全和健康支持者在2022年发出了请愿书，试图在食品中获得FDA禁令3号。

The earlier ban was ordered in 1990, after two studies showed Red No. 3 caused cancer in male rats eating high levels of the chemical. At the time, however, the FDA only acted to ban the coloring mixture in products put on the skin or in drugs taken by mouth.

较早的禁令是在 1990 年下令实施的，当时两项研究表明，食用高浓度红色 3 号化学物质的雄性老鼠会患癌症。然而，当时 FDA 仅禁止在皮肤产品或口服药物中使用着色混合物。

Health activists had long sought FDA approval to expand the ban to food products. In November, nearly two dozen members of Congress sent a letter demanding that FDA officials ban Red No. 3.

健康活动家长期以来一直寻求FDA批准，将禁令扩展到食品。11月，近二十名国会议员发了一封信，要求FDA官员禁止3号红色。

Some of the most common products containing Red No. 3 include sweets, icing, strawberry milk, maraschino cherries, strawberry protein drinks, as well as some gummy vitamins and medications.

一些包含红色3号的最常见产品包括糖果，糖霜，草莓牛奶，maraschino樱桃，草莓蛋白饮料以及一些软糖维生素和药物。

The FDA said food manufacturers will have until January 2027 to remove the dye from their products.

FDA表示，食品制造商必须在2027年1月之前从其产品中清除染料。

Other countries still permit certain uses of the dye. But any imported products will still have to meet the new U.S. requirement. Red No. 3 is already banned for food use in Europe, Australia and New Zealand, except in certain kinds of cherries.

其他国家仍然允许某些染料使用。但是，任何进口产品仍然必须满足新的美国要求。除了某些种类的樱桃外，欧洲，澳大利亚和新西兰的红色3号已经被禁止用于欧洲，澳大利亚和新西兰。

The dye will be banned in California starting in January 2027. And lawmakers in Tennessee, Arkansas and Indiana have also proposed limits on certain dyes, especially from foods offered in public schools.

该染料将于2027年1月开始在加利福尼亚州被禁止。

Jim Jones is the FDA's deputy commissioner for human foods. He noted that even though the agency had established the new ban, “the way that FD&C Red No. 3 causes cancer in male rats does not occur in humans." FDA officials said the ban was enacted because of a U.S. rule called the Delaney Clause. This legal policy requires the FDA to ban any additive found to cause cancer in people or animals.

吉姆·琼斯是 FDA 负责人类食品的副局长。他指出，尽管该机构制定了新的禁令，“FD&C Red 3 号导致雄性老鼠患癌症的情况在人类身上不会发生。” FDA 官员表示，该禁令的颁布是因为美国一项名为“德莱尼条款”的规定 这项法律政策要求 FDA 禁止任何被发现会导致人类或动物癌症的添加剂。

Dr. Peter Lurie is director of the consumer activist group the Center for Science in the Public Interest. He helped lead the latest effort to remove Red No. 3 from food products. Lurie told The Associated Press, "This is a welcome, but long overdue, action from the FDA.”

彼得·卢里（Peter Lurie）博士是公共利益的消费者激进组织科学中心主任。他帮助领导了最新的努力，以从食品中删除3号红色。卢里对美联社说：“这是FDA的欢迎，但早就应该做的。”

The International Association of Color Manufacturers has repeatedly said Red No. 3 is safe in levels usually taken in by humans. The group pointed to research carried out by scientific experts from the United Nations and the World Health Organization. One study, released in 2018, confirmed the safety of Red 3 in food.

国际颜料制造商协会一再表示，红 3 号在人类通常摄入的水平下是安全的。该组织提到了联合国和世界卫生组织的科学专家进行的研究。2018 年发布的一项研究证实了 Red 3 在食品中的安全性。

Some food manufacturers have already changed their products to remove Red No. 3. One example is Sensient Food Colors, a St. Louis-based supplier of food colors and flavorings. In its place, the company uses beet juice, a dye made from insects and other coloring mixtures.

一些食品制造商已经更改了产品以删除第3号红色。一个例子是Sensient Good Colors，这是位于圣路易斯的食用色彩和调味料的供应商。该公司代替了甜菜汁，一种由昆虫和其他着色混合物制成的染料。