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股票知识|入门到精通

股票知识|入门到精通

Business:Investing

32.入门篇:集合竞价的规则!

32.入门篇:集合竞价的规则!

2020-10-22
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【文稿:】

上期说过,股市中的竞价方式有两种,分别是集合竞价和连续竞价,今天我们主要来讲一下集合竞价,希望大家认真听讲。集合竞价分别在早上和下午的尾盘进行,而且时间都非常短。集合竞价的目的是为了确定股票当天的开盘价和收盘价。如果是早盘的集合竞价,它的目的就是为了确定股票当天的开盘价,如果是尾盘的集合竞价,它的目的是为了确定股票当天的收盘价。


为了方便讲解,接下来我将用早盘的集合竞价举例说明、带大家认识一下集合竞价的原理:早上集合竞价时间是9:15分—9:25分,而集合竞价的目的就是为了确定出股票当天的开盘价。假如某只股昨天的收盘价是10元,今天开盘前投资者可以根据股票昨天的收盘价、以及自身对股价的判断进行买卖申报。假如我看到该股昨天的收盘价为10元,今天我认为值得用9.8元买入该股票,于是我填好了9.8元的买入单子,并在集合竞价期间确认提交。


当然,市场中的投资者不止我一个,千千万万的人也会用这种方式申报买卖。而系统会将所有人的买卖申报进行集中撮合,最后选出一个价格作为该股的开盘价。


以上是集合竞价的大致流程,接下来详细说一下具体流程:集合竞价期间电脑会将买卖单子按照“价格优先”和“时间优先”的顺序进行排列、然后再进行集中撮合,注意!撮合不是成交的过程,你可以将“撮合”理解成模拟成交,目的是为了推演进程,并看到最终的推演结果。


集中撮合之后系统会筛选出一个价格,这个价格就是该股当天的开盘价,而且这个价格必须要满足一个条件:那就是该价格上要能实现最大的成交量。估计听到这很多人又蒙圈了,咱们举个例子解释一下:


假如集合竞价期间,申报买入和卖出的数量分别是30000股,此时电脑筛选出了一个价格,而这个价格只能让1000只股顺利成交,成交量也就是1000。于是电脑继续筛选出新的价格,发现该价格可以让10000只股顺利成交,成交量就是10000,而且经过多次撮合筛选后、发现这个价格是能满足最大成交量的唯一价格,于是系统将该价格确定为当天的开盘价。


系统每天都会以这种方式确定开盘价,这种方式也会充分考虑到每个人的买卖意愿。以上是用早盘集合竞价举得例子,尾盘三分钟的集合竞价也是同样的方式,只不过尾盘集合竞价确定的是股票的收盘价。


最后我再补充几个小知识点:早上的集合竞价时间为十分钟,也就是9:15—9:25,但这十分钟里却有着很多新手不知道的细节。9:15—9:20,这5分钟内你可以进行买卖申报,同时也可以随时撤单,而9:20—9:25,这5分钟里只能申报买卖却不能撤单。


换句话说;前5分钟你如果决定买卖股票,可以去申报买卖,但如果后悔的话也可以随时撤单,但后5分钟时间则没有撤单的机会。后5分钟只允许人们申报买卖、却不允许撤单。这个知识点很重要,新手在交易时肯定能用得到!最好的方法就是在前5分钟内下定买卖决心,因为到了后5分钟你就没有了后悔的余地。另外在14:57—15:00,尾盘三分钟的集合竞价同样只能申报买卖但不能撤单。


另外我再解答一下部分网友的疑问:早盘集合竞价是9:15—9:25,而连续竞价是从9:30才开始,于是有人好奇9.25—9:30这五分钟时间是做什么的呢?说实话,听到这个问题我也表示很无奈...如果我问大家半夜12点到2点,这个时间段是做什么的?你们会不会感到很无语呢?是啊...交易时间除外的当然是非交易时间了...答案是你想干嘛就干嘛呗....但唯独不能交易,你学会了吗?


(节目已在江苏版权局登记,翻版必究!)


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