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Join Ads Marketplace to earn through podcast sponsorships.
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Get the answers and support you need.
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Stay updated with the latest podcasting tips and trends.
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Create the best live podcast and engage your audience.
Tips on making the decision to monetize your podcast.
The best ways to get more eyes and ears on your podcast.
Everything you need to know about podcast advertising.
The ultimate guide to recording a podcast on your phone.
Steps to set up and use group recording in the Podbean app.
《陈太丘与友期》这一章出自刘义庆编写的《世说新语》的《方正》篇。记述了陈元方与来客对话时的场景,告诫人们办事要讲诚信,为人要方正。同时赞扬了陈元方维护父亲尊严的责任感和无畏精神。
《陈太丘与友期》全文仅有103个字,却叙述了一个完整的故事(关于守信与不守信的一场辩论),刻画了三个有鲜明个性的人物,说明了为人处世,应该讲礼守信的道理。如此有限的文字,却包含了这样丰富的内容,真可谓言简意赎了。如果不是在语言的精炼上造诣高深,要做到这一点是很难的。
《陈太丘与友期》的精炼语言,体现在文章的始终。一开头,文章以“期行”、“期日中”、“不至”、“舍去” 、“乃至” 等几个关键词语,把事情、时间、起因交代得清清楚楚,而且,在这些交代中,还把两个不同的人物形象(一个守信,一个不守信)一下子推到了读者面前。
文章的结尾,虽只客寥数语,但却字字生辉。“惭”、“下"、“引”三个动词,把友人知错欲改的心态及行为刻画得入木三分。对元方鄙弃“无信”的那股倔强劲儿,也用“人门,不顾”四个字,描绘得维妙维肖。就在最能体现文章中心思想的第二层 (子斥友人)中,尽管作者用了比开头和结尾要多得多的笔墨,但文字仍然十分精炼。单就叙述的句子来说,在叙述友人问元方时,由“问”到“怒”,感情急剧变化,充分表现了友人那粗鲁无礼的性格。而在叙述元方批驳友人的怒斥时,则选用语气平和的“答曰”、“曰”这类词,这对表现元方不惧怕友人的怒斥、知书达理、善于应对的性格,起到了绝好的作用。《陈太丘与友期》的主题思想,主要是通过人物的对话来揭示的。这些人物对话,虽然只有三言两语,但句句都紧扣文章中心,紧扣人物性格,具有鲜明的个性特征。文章写友人与元方的对话有三句。第一句“尊君在不?”开门见山,问得直截了当,毫无谦恭之意,初露性格的鲁莽。第二句“非人哉!”出言不逊,当着儿子骂父亲,这是不讲礼仪的行为,再露性格的粗鲁。第三句“与人期行,相委而去!”看似有理,实则无理。不自责自己失约误期的错误,反而委过于人,怒斥对方如约而行的正确做法,这就更加暴露出友人不讲道理的性格特征。
文章写元方与友人的对话也有三句。第一句“待君久,不至,已去。”这是针对友人的间话而答的。元方不是正面回答友人提出的问题,在,还是不在。而是先说“等君久”“不至”,再说“已去”,把父亲的 “去”与“等君久”和友人的“不至”联系起来。这样的回答,不仅把父亲为什么走说清楚了,为后面批驳友人的怒斥作了准备,而且话中有话,流露出对友人失约的反感。第二、三两句是对友人无理怒斥的反驳。第二句“君与家君期日中,日中不至,则是无信。”这是针对友人强调“期行”而说的。守信还是失信,关键在于“期日中”,“日中不至”,当然就是失信了。抓住实质,击中要害,
使友人失去辫驳的根据。第三句“对子骂父,则是无礼。”这是针对友人出言不逊而说的。在指出友人“无信”的基础上,又指出友人“无礼”。一步紧逼一步,把友人逼到了无以言对的狼狈境地,以至最后不得不“惭”而“下车引之”。由于这些对话具有鲜明的个性特征,因此,虽然只有短短几句,也可以看出元方—陈太丘性格的折光,是多么聪颖仁慧、知书达理
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