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Join Ads Marketplace to earn through podcast sponsorships.
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Get the answers and support you need.
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Stay updated with the latest podcasting tips and trends.
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Create the best live podcast and engage your audience.
Tips on making the decision to monetize your podcast.
The best ways to get more eyes and ears on your podcast.
Everything you need to know about podcast advertising.
The ultimate guide to recording a podcast on your phone.
Steps to set up and use group recording in the Podbean app.
《聊斋志异》简称《聊斋》,俗名《鬼狐传》,是中国清朝著名小说家蒲松龄创作的文言短篇小说集。《聊斋志异》的意思是在书房里记录奇异的故事,“聊斋”是他的书斋名称,“志”是指记述的意思,“异”是指奇异的故事。全书共有短篇小说491篇。它们或者揭露封建统治的黑暗,或者抨击科举制度的腐朽,或者反抗封建礼教的束缚,具有丰富深刻的思想内容。描写爱情主题的作品,在全书中数量最多,它们表现了强烈的反封建礼教的精神。其中一些作品,通过花妖狐魅和人的恋爱,表现了作者理想的爱情。
一、爱情故事,占据着全书最大的比重,故事的主要人物大多不惧封建礼教,勇敢追求自由爱情。这类名篇有《莲香》《小谢》《连城》《宦娘》《鸦头》等。
二、抨击科举制度对读书人的摧残。作为科举制度的受害者,蒲松龄在这方面很有发言权,《叶生》《司文郎》《于去恶》《王子安》等都是这类名篇。
三、揭露统治阶级的残暴和对人民的压迫,极具社会意义,如《席方平》《促织》《梦狼》《梅女》等。
蒲松龄出生于书香世家,字留仙、号柳泉居士,世称“聊斋先生”。他早年也曾想借助科举入仕,可惜屡试不第,只能以教书为生。他自幼便对民间的鬼神故事兴致浓厚,大约在四十岁时,他开始利用业余时间创作《聊斋志异》。据说,蒲松龄曾为了搜集素材,在家门口开了一家茶馆,来喝茶的人可以用一个故事代替茶钱。借助这个方法,蒲松龄搜集了大量离奇的故事,经过整理、加工过后,他都将其收录到了《聊斋志异》中。《聊斋志异》将中国古代文言短篇小说发展到了一个新高度,从此以后,文言小说就雄风难再了。《聊斋志异》之后,虽有纪昀的《阅微草堂笔记》等,但已难成气候。
除《聊斋志异》外,还有文集4卷,诗集6卷;杂著《省身语录》、《怀刑录》等多种;戏曲3种,通俗俚曲14种。经人搜集编定为《蒲松龄集》。
《聊斋志异》的艺术特色:
一是采用传奇的方法来志怪。蒲松龄借用传奇的特长,来写花妖狐魅,使小说内容精彩且充实,情节离奇而生动,展现出极其迷幻曲折的色彩。
二是情节委曲,叙次井然。《聊斋志异》增强了小说的艺术素质,丰富了小说的形态、类型。加重了对人物环境、行动状况、心理表现等方面的描写。作者对各类人物形象,都描写出其存在的环境,暗示其原本的属性,烘托其被赋予的性格。
三是语言精练,词汇丰富,句式富于变化。
《聊斋志异》为大家所户熟知的人物主要有:宁采臣,聂小倩,燕赤霞,黑山老妖,辛十四娘等等。
后人对《聊斋志异》也作了很高的评价。如:
郭沫若评价说:“写鬼写妖高人一等,刺贪刺虐入骨三分。”
老舍评价说:“鬼狐有性格,笑骂成文章。”
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