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Join Ads Marketplace to earn through podcast sponsorships.
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Get the answers and support you need.
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Everything you need to know about podcast advertising.
The ultimate guide to recording a podcast on your phone.
Steps to set up and use group recording in the Podbean app.
《资治通鉴》(常简作《通鉴》),由北宋司马光主编的一部多卷本编年体史书,共294卷,历时19年完成。主要以时间为纲,事件为目,从周威烈王二十三年(公元前403年)写起,到五代后周世宗显德六年(公元959年)征淮南停笔,涵盖16朝1362年的历史。
在这部书里,编者总结出许多经验教训,供统治者借鉴,宋神宗认为此书“鉴于往事,有资于治道”,即以历史的得失作为鉴诫来加强统治,所以定名为《资治通鉴》。全书294卷,约300多万字,另有《考异》、《目录》各三十卷。《资治通鉴》所记历史有限。全书按朝代分为十六纪,即《周纪》五卷、《秦纪》三卷、《汉纪》六十卷、《魏纪》十卷、《晋纪》四十卷、《宋纪》十六卷、《齐纪》十卷、《梁纪》二十二卷、《陈纪》十卷、《隋纪》八卷、《唐纪》八十一卷、《后梁纪》六卷、《后唐纪》八卷、《后晋纪》六卷、《后汉纪》四卷、《后周纪》五卷。《资治通鉴》的内容以政治、军事和民族关系为主,兼及经济、文化和历史人物评价,目的是通过对事关国家盛衰、民族兴亡的统治阶级政策的描述警示后人。
《资治通鉴》是中国第一部编年体通史,在中国官修史书中占有极重要的地位。它以时间为“纲”,以事件为“目”,纲举则目张,时索则事叙。我国古代编年体史书因按年纪事,故没有篇目,不作目录,只是以年检索。司马光突破这种旧例,分三部分将年表、帝纪、历法、天象、目录、举要及索引集于一块,开创了编年体史书多功能目录的新体例,使《资治通鉴》更臻于完善,将中国的历史编纂推进到了新的水平上。
司马光是为了巩固当时的封建政权,才编写《资治通鉴》,这就决定了此书的内容主要是政治史。因此,在编纂《资治通鉴》的时候,既继承了前人的传统,又有新的发展。他把历史的君主根据他们的才能分为创业、守成、陵夷、中兴、乱亡五类。所以《资治通鉴》具有强烈的正统立场,在分裂时代,如三国,魏有纪,蜀、吴无”纪“;南北朝时代,南朝有”纪,北朝无“纪”;五代有“纪”,而十国无“纪”。
司马光(1019-1086),北宋时期政治家、史学家、文学家。北宋陕州夏县涑水乡人,出生于河南省光山县,原字公实,后改君实,原号迂夫,后改迂叟,世称涑水先生。
司马光著述颇多。除了《资治通鉴》,还有《通鉴举要历》八十卷、《稽古录》二十卷、《本朝百官公卿表》六卷。此外,他在文学、经学、哲学乃至医学方面都进行过钻研和著述,主要代表作有《翰林诗草》《注古文学经》《易说》《注太玄经》《注扬子》《书仪》《游山行记》《续诗治》《医问》《涑水记闻》《类篇》《司马文正公集》等。在历史上,司马光曾被奉为儒家三圣之一(其余两人是孔子和孟子)
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