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特伦斯·谢诺夫斯基(Terrence Sejnowski)是杰弗里·辛顿(Geoffrey Hinton)之外,另一位深度学习奠基人、先驱人物。
上世纪80年代,在深度学习经历了漫长的寒潮与黯淡后,它的出现为极少数相信“连接主义”、“神经网络”和“深度学习”的研究人员,带来一丝曙光。
“我们就是AI的莱特兄弟。”谢诺夫斯基说。
在很长一段时间,深度学习都不是人工智能主流学派。彼时的统治者是MIT人工智能实验室的马文·明斯基(Marvin Minsky),他曾尖锐指出深度学习的重大缺陷,并围绕自己对人工智能的见解构建了一套体系。绝大部分科学家都是他的追随者,信奉“符号主义”。
这是势力悬殊的两个学派。“符号主义”是基于逻辑推理和编程规则的学派;“连接主义”则更像是逆向工程大脑,通过模拟神经元之间的连接和权重调整来处理信息。
后来,辛顿成为AI教父、深度学习之父,以4400万美金将自己的公司卖给Google后出任Google科学家,他的学生IIya Sutskever参与创立了如今炙手可热的OpenAI。
谢诺夫斯基则是美国四院院士,也是全美在世仅三位的四院院士之一。他有一档知名的慕课《学习如何学习》(Learning How To Learn)。
对话中,他谈到神秘莫测的大脑、AI派系对决颇有冲击力的一幕、人工智能的潜在危险,以及大语言模型的未来演进方向等话题。
他认为,给AI注入情感要比加入语言更容易,未来每家公司都会建立自己的模型。
如果你对深度学习、AI很感兴趣,欢迎参考本期节目。
中文全文翻译见:《对话深度学习奠基人谢诺夫斯基:穿过这扇门,再也不会一样了》
给对深度学习感兴趣的听众朋友们推荐两本书:
《深度学习》(The Deep Learning Revolution),作者是本集嘉宾,这本书在全球销量超过300万
《深度学习革命》(Genius Makers),作者是《连线》和《纽约时报》的记者Cade Metz
【更多信息】
本集首发于腾讯新闻,点击前往文字版 & 音频版
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