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这病说来话长

这病说来话长

Health & Fitness

VOL.52消化内镜科|你胃肠功能怎么样?你经历过胃肠镜检查吗?踩过这些误区吗?

VOL.52消化内镜科|你胃肠功能怎么样?你经历过胃肠镜检查吗?踩过这些误区吗?

2023-06-07
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消化道相关疾病已成为当代年轻人日常生活中常见疾病,多种因素为消化道疾病的危险因素,对疾病进行提早干预对缓解患者症状、提高患者生存质量、降低消化道肿瘤的发病率、减少社会负担有积极作用。针对消化道疾病的发现和诊断,这两期的节目邀请到上海市东方医院消化内镜科副主任医师练晶晶,聊聊大家对于消化内镜(主要以胃肠镜为主)的检查中的常识、误区和检查后针对报告单上的描述如何正确理解。最大限度的让大家不要再因为恐惧不去检查,因为道听途说而更加焦虑。

嘉宾介绍

练晶晶——上海市东方医院消化内镜科副主任医师,中华医学会消化内镜分会食管疾病协作组委员。

擅长领域:胃肠道间质瘤,平滑肌瘤,神经内分泌肿瘤等各类黏膜下肿瘤、胃息肉、结肠息肉、早期胃癌、早期食管癌、食管胃静脉曲张、贲门失弛缓症、内痔、慢性胃炎等疾病的内镜下诊治。

社交媒体

嘉宾小红书ID:消化内镜晶晶医生

主播小红书ID:汤瀚森

*图片来自练晶晶医生

时间轴

01:42 消化内镜 都包括有哪些?

02:00 超声内镜和胃肠镜有什么区别

03:30 什么情况下我们需要做胃肠镜?

07:14 胶囊内镜、X线钡餐、CT、碳13、碳14呼气试验能不能替代胃肠镜检查?(碳13所用的碳是非放射性的同位素,而碳14使用的碳是有放射性的同位素。)

09:19 抽血、肿瘤标记物、粪便潜血、基因检查能替代胃肠镜检查?

12:06 胃镜检查会看到十二指肠的问题吗?(胃镜都检查哪些范围?)

13:38 胃肠镜检查是不是很痛苦?

15:37 胃镜和肠镜是不是用同一根管子?

17:10 胃肠镜都有哪些“潜规则”?

21:35 哪些情况和人群不适合做无痛胃肠镜?(麻醉评估方面的考虑)

23:26 胃肠镜检查会伤害胃肠道吗?会对胃肠道黏膜造成局部创面吗?

25:21 医生取了活检就意味着是得了癌?

26:52 临床上是不会去讲“宿便”这个词(关联到第46期)

28:03 有的肝脏不好的患者为什么要去做胃镜?(乙肝肝硬化问题关联到第21期-25期)

30:32 在消化内镜里,最难的是不是十二指肠粘膜下肿物的全层切除?难点是不是在缝合环节?

32:52 肠襻和肠袢,音同字不同,但是所指的也是完全不同的问题

(听友群的提问环节)

36:01 “我体验了一个全麻的,所以我也不知道发生了什么,但是我想知道我被医生麻晕之后,医生到底对我做了些啥?”

37:32 “有个姐妹的父亲突然查出肠癌,三期还是四期了,她担心有遗传风险,去做了肠镜,顺便切了息肉,他父亲后来切了一段肠子,做了造口。但是她做检查,撞上了生理期,还可以继续做检查吗?”

38:55 因为要做麻醉,是需要有亲朋陪同的吧?

39:36 反流性食道炎的检查也是通过胃肠镜吗?

40:28 身体出现什么信号需要做胃肠镜,什么年龄段或者基础病群体需要定期做胃肠镜,通常频率多久一次为宜呢?

41:28 “我们公司有个同事就是身强体健的,然后看着也没啥问题,突然有一天听说他肠癌中晚期,然后休了很长时间的假,最近刚刚返岗。为什么发现都是中晚期比较多呢?”

拓展文献

随着社会发展、生活压力、饮食结构等多方面的改变,已有许多研究表明消化道疾病的发生率正逐步增加,并极大的影响了患者的生活和工作,增大了经济负担和医疗费用[1],同时急性上消化道出血也成为了我国经济负担最大的前五位疾病之一[2]。据以往研究发现,消化道疾病是导致学生因病缺课的主要原因[3,4,5],并随年龄增长,疾病负担也在逐渐增加[6]。国外健康人群的胃镜检查中发现41岁至60岁之间有五分之一的人、60岁以上有三分之一的人都有胃的局灶性病变,如癌症、息肉、糜烂、溃疡等,并得出结论45岁以上的人有必要进行预防性胃镜检查[7]。消化道疾病若不行早期干预及预防,病变皆有向肿瘤方向进展的可能。我国是胃肠道疾病的高发国家,其中,发病率最高的三大恶性肿瘤为:胃癌、食管癌、结肠癌,严重威胁人民生命健康。而对消化道疾病的常规检查、提早干预和对肿瘤的早诊早治能够有效降低发病率和死亡率[8],减轻社会负担[9]。

参考文献

[1]李明芳,王文颖国内外大学生胃肠道疾病的影响因素及研究进展小.世界最新医学信息文摘,2019,19(80):78-79.

[2]Song X,Lan L,Zhou T,et al.Economic Burden of Major Diseases in China in 2013 JJ.Front Public Health,2021,9(2021):649624.

[3]李岚兰,李绍华,颜理伦,等.安徽省某高校大学生住院疾病构成及费用分析小南京医科大学学报(社会科学版),2017,17(5):359-362.

[4]曹素玲,钱建琴,在宁某高校大学生住院疾病分析[J].泰州职业技术学院学报,2015,15(2):58-60+68.

[5]朱丁,成浩,钱红丹,等.2012—2017年无锡市中小学生因病缺课情况分析小江苏预防医学,2019,30(2):228-229.

[6]李路遥,郑忠立,甘信利,等.1990年与2017年中国8种消化道疾病的疾病负担分析[J].医学新知,2021,31(4):249-256.

[7]Petrov VP, Savvin luN, Klimov NP.Expediency of preventive examination of the upper parts of the gastrointestinal tract|J]. Vest Khir Im I | Grek, 1983, 131 (10):139-141.

[8] 赫捷,陈万青,李兆申,等.中国食管癌筛查与早诊早治指南(2022,北京)[J]中国肿瘤,2022,31(6):401-436.

[9]贾凤娟,汤小伟,张学飞,喻双雨,夏国栋.健康体检人群胃肠镜检查的常见疾病危险因素分析[J].现代消化及介入诊疗,2023,28(01):41-46.

*本内容仅供健康科普使用,不能作为诊断、治疗的依据,请谨慎参考。

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