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这病说来话长

这病说来话长

Health & Fitness

VOL.98乳腺外科|谁的乳腺不是乳腺呢 乳腺疾病是被气出来的吗?|乳腺自查指南

VOL.98乳腺外科|谁的乳腺不是乳腺呢 乳腺疾病是被气出来的吗?|乳腺自查指南

2024-01-28
Download Right click and do "save link as"

在「生气」的词条里,「乳腺结节」占有一席之地。包括一些网络梗「我的乳腺也是乳腺」、「忍一时乳腺增生,退一步乳腺结节」,甚至也有朋友把大张伟的《万物盛开法则》当作「拯救乳腺之歌」。段子归段子,言归正传。

这期节目我们从临床角度,和大家聊聊乳腺这件事儿,有请到的是新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院乳腺外科一病区医师-阿孜古丽·阿布都热合曼老师。

嘉宾介绍社交媒体

听友群请加微信:cheeseradio

合作事宜请加微信:tuenen87

阿汤小红书视频播客:汤瀚森|阿汤

嘉宾阿孜花花小红书:阿孜花花

时间轴

02:49 什么问题需要挂号乳腺外科?

04:23 什么是结节?什么是增生?

05:07 乳腺囊肿是什么?常见于哪个年龄段?

05:39 乳腺纤维瘤是什么?常见于哪个年龄段?

06:12 乳腺癌都有哪些发病特点?

08:15 结节是不是被气出来的吗?

08:56 乳腺增生是不是被气出来的吗?

09:54 “忍一时乳腺增生,退一步乳腺结节”的本义解读

10:27 作为专科医生化解生气情绪的办法分享

12:28 胸越大越易患乳腺癌吗?

13:20 母乳喂养会增加乳腺癌风险吗?

14:05 为什么有些女性会在生理期前后产生胀痛感?甚至会自行摸到肿块

14:59 乳房肿块真的像是有人说的靠按摩消失么?

16:00 吃豆制品真的会诱发乳腺癌吗?

16:57 男性也是有患乳腺疾病的发病率

18:06 乳腺癌的高危人群具有哪些特征?

19:50 乳腺癌的类型中的三阴性乳腺癌

20:54 有没有办法预防乳腺疾病?

22:55 自我乳房检查的方法和步骤

25:37 关于钼靶检查

彩蛋在27:47里 首次尝试播放列表友好衔接PROMO

⬆️乳腺;⬇️乳腺的淋巴管和淋巴结

*图片来自《奈特人体解剖学彩色图谱》第7版

拓展阅读

乳腺癌是女性常见的恶性肿瘤之一,早发现、早诊断、早治疗是降低乳腺癌患者死亡率的重要措施。美国癌症协会证实,乳房自我检查(breast self-examination, BSE)、乳腺X线照片和乳腺临床检查是乳腺癌普查的3种有效的方法[1],其中BSE是最简便且适合我国国情的普查方法。女性本人常是发现乳房疾病的第一人[2]。

自我检查三步法:

一看:站立或坐于镜前,面对镜子仔细观察自己两侧乳房,包括大小、形态、轮廓、皮肤及颜色有无改变,乳头有无抬高、凹陷、溢液等。

二触:左手上提至头部后侧,用右手检查左乳,以手指的指腹轻压乳房,感觉是否有硬块,由乳头开始逐渐向外做环状顺时针或逆时针方向触摸;用同样方法检查右边乳房。注意不要遗漏乳晕及腋窝部位。

三挤:以大拇指和食指压乳头,注意有无异常分泌物。

乳房自查应每月1次,最好在月经来潮后的7~10天,此时乳腺比较松软,无胀痛,容易发现异常;已停经的妇女可选择每月固定的时间进行自查。乳房自查如发现异常应及时去医院就诊,以达到早发现、早诊断、早治疗的目的[3]。

三阴性乳腺癌

三阴性乳腺癌(triple negative breast cancer,TNBC)是指雌激素受体(estrogen receptor,ER)、孕激素受体(progesterone receptor,PR)和人表皮生长因子受体2(human epidermal growthfactor receptor 2,HER2)均为阴性的乳腺癌,约占所有类型乳腺癌中的15%~20%[4]。TNBC最常见的组织学类型为浸润性导管癌,TNBC细胞的增殖转移不受雌激素及其受体调节,具有高度异质性和侵袭性,预后较其他类型乳腺癌差。TNBC患者中位生存期约为13个月[5],即使接受乳腺癌根治性切除术及化疗、放疗综合治疗后的患者,也常于术后3年内出现复发、转移[6]。因此,早诊断早治疗对患者的预后具有极其重要的意义[7]。

参考文献

[1]何友兼,梁立治,刘冬耕,等.社区推广乳腺自我检査的体会[J].中国肿瘤,2000,9(6):253.

[2]张传坤, 贾琳琳, 王永芳. 济宁农村地区女性乳房自我检查知识与实施情况调查及相关因素分析[J]. 当代护士(上旬刊), 2023, 30 (08): 89-91.

[3]乳腺自我检查三步法[J]. 江苏卫生保健, 2020, (08): 21.

[4]曲更宝,朱强,王峰,等.ERCC1、TUBB3和RRM1在三阴性乳腺癌组织中的表达及其意义[J].新疆医科大学学报,2021,44(09):994-998+1005.

[5]单美慧,李鸿涛,罗琳,等.新疆地区三阴性乳腺癌患者临床、病理和预后的分析[J].新疆医大学报,2020,43(1):63-68,73.

[6]Luo YK. Curent situation and advanes in diagnosing triple-negative breast cancer using ultrasound[J]. Zhongguo yi xue ke xue yuan xue bao, 2021, 43(3):309-313.

[7]阿孜古丽·阿布都热合曼, 李宇翔, 赵寰宇, 朱丽萍. 三阴性乳腺癌中溶酶体相关膜蛋白-2表达水平的临床意义及预后价值[J]. 转化医学杂志, 2022, 11 (06): 351-354.

相关影视推荐

以上影视剧信息由豆瓣提供

*声明

本播客的内容仅代表个人观点,并不代表任何单位、供职机构等的立场,也不构成任何形式的医疗意见或建议等。本内容仅供健康科普使用,不能作为诊断、治疗的依据,请谨慎参考。未经本播客的授权,不得转载或使用播客节目中的任何内容。

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