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雪球·财经有深度

雪球·财经有深度

Business:Investing

2458.我怎么看阿里最近的动作

2458.我怎么看阿里最近的动作

2024-03-29
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欢迎收听雪球和喜马拉雅联合出品的财经有深度雪球国内领先的集投资交流交易一体的综合财富管理平台,聪明的投资者都在这里。听众朋友们大家好我是主播匪石,今天分享的内容叫我怎么看阿里最近的动作,来自陈达美股投资。

阿里最近半年的动作,上了很大强度,让人眼花缭乱——最近是撤回菜鸟IPO并向员工回购股票,再之前是1688全面入淘,暂缓盒马IPO,以及出售一些非直接业务关联的股权投资,比如减持小鹏、快狗打车、B站,为Lazada需求融资,再之前是停止拆分阿里云,等等。

但从投资人的角度看这件事情其实特别好理解,就是厘清,对于阿里巴巴这个实体公司而非控股公司而言,啥是核心资产以及啥又不是。

所以你基本能山高月小水落石出能看出来:经过半年战略的对焦调整——阿里核心业务与非核心业务已经厘清,结果如下:

电商(国内淘天+国际Lazada+本地服务)、阿里云(包括大模型)是核心业务,而菜鸟作为阿里核心业务的组成部分和电商的重要基础设施,其实三块加起来,仍然贯彻的是电商逻辑,聚焦电商基本盘,也是马大佬之前说的,回归淘宝。

对于撤回菜鸟IPO,阿里如此反馈:

“撤回菜鸟IPO主要基于两点考量。首先,公司看到了新的发展机遇,即菜鸟通过对基础设施的持续投入拓展了全球物流网络,有望成为服务全球客户的领先平台,进一步拓展全球物流网络仍需要长期投入和耐心;其次,截至目前,菜鸟向港交所提交的招股书当中的财务资料已经过期,公司处于必须要决定是否继续申请IPO的关口。”

蔡崇信说:“菜鸟在可预见的将来进行IPO并不符合集团的发展策略,而IPO可实现的任何估值都无法反映。阿里巴巴首要目标非常明确,就是要在电商领域获胜,为此需要恢复市场份额。拓展计划需要具备长期投资的耐心和长远的目光,因此我们决定避免因菜鸟上市进程所带来的分心。”

聚焦业务,把菜鸟留在体系内,那么阿里的股东留下的是一个什么样的资产呢?菜鸟资产的价值几何?

第一,菜鸟是全球最大跨境电商物流企业。到2023年中,菜鸟全球网络布局200个国家(地区),两个建筑面积超过15万平方米的 e-Hub、1100个总建筑面积约 1650万平方米的仓库,380多个分拣中心,4400个网点,17万个驿站,以2022年的平均月活用户计,菜鸟App是全球使用最广的物流App。

第二,财务上,菜鸟总收入显著增长,由2021财年的 527.3亿元,增长到 2023财年的 778.0亿元。其中近三年国内及国际物流服务收入占总收入的比重达到 90%以上。近三年毛利稳定增长,由 2021财年的 55.4亿元,增长至 2023 财年的 81.5亿元。净利润方面,在2023年上半年break-even,营业利润为2.9亿元。国内按照收入计,市场份额为16.4%。

而菜鸟所在的全球跨境电商,是一个2022-2026 年预计以复合年化增速 16.5%增长的赛道(总计约人民币2万亿)。

菜鸟是国内和海外电商业务的基础设施,是灵活配合主业电商的僚机,聚焦业务发展其实也是聚焦电商。这对菜鸟、对阿里都是最好的安排。

巴菲特说:我们喜欢能够以高回报率部署额外资本的企业,同时这些受青睐的企业由有能力且值得信赖的管理者经营。这两种必要条件的结合,是我在收购企业时一直追求的目标(有兴趣的可以去参考2023股东信),剩下的第三个条件就是等待合理的价格。这三点其实就对应着商业模式、管理质量、安全边际。

收购企业是如此——而卖出以及不卖出什么业务或企业,本质上也应该以此,作为最终极的参照。在聚焦状态下的业务,盲目卖出是一种谈不上任何安全边际的行为。

所以啊不是我吹阿里,但一系列的的组合动作,这才是对股东负责的获得所有权的思维;坊间可能感觉是有点折腾,但其实质都是聚焦核心资产。作为股东,希望阿里在聚焦业务之后,资本市场的重心放在回购和分红上就好,其他的专心于主业建设即可。



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